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Economic
Development Policy |
| URBAN
DEVELOPMENT |
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Urban
Housing
In
terms of shelter, in the undivided state of MP
the proportion of pucca houses in urban areas was behind the
national average as shown in the following graph.
Morena had the highest percentage of pucca houses (85.13%)
with Gwalior (84.11%), Shivpuri (80.01%), Hoshangabad (77.50%),
Sagar (76.69%) and Bhind (73.93%) as the only districts above the
national average (72.75%)
(Census
of India 1991, quoted in the MP Human Development Report 1998).
The Working
Group on Housing on the Ninth Plan, Govt. of India had estimated a
shortage of the order of 0.32 million in urban areas and 0.38
million in rural areas of Madhya Pradesh for 2001 (as
quoted in ‘Housing Scenario: Policies & Perspectives’,
Seminar paper presented by V. Suresh, TN Gupta & Kulwant Singh
at a National Seminar on ‘Future Cities -
Urban Vision 2021’, Oct. 1997 at New Delhi)
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Housing
Shortage during Ninth Five Year Plan Period 1997-2001 (in
mn) |
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1991
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1997
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1998
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1999
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2000
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2001
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Urban
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0.40
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0.37
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0.36
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0.35
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0.34
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0.32
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Rural
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0.44
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0.41
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0.40
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0.40
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0.39
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0.38
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| (Source:
Working Group on Housing on the Ninth Plan, Govt. of
India) |
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INSITUTIONS
RESPONSIBLE FOR DELIVERY AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN LAND &
SERVICES
Urban
development in Madhya Pradesh is largely managed by the
Development Authorities, Housing Boards, Public Health Engineering
(PHE) Department and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs). Apart from the
above, the Directorate of Urban Projects was established for
monitoring, supervision, review and management of the World Bank
funded MP Urban Development Project (MPUDP) Phase I and carrying
it forward to MPUDP Phase II. As of now, Development Authorities
remain only in the seven urban centres of Bhopal, Indore, Gwalior,
Jabalpur, Ujjain, Dewas and Panchmarhi. The ULBs comprise 18
municipal corporations, 85 municipalities and 235 Nagar Panchayats.
Development Authorities are mainly responsible for planning, land
acquisition and integrated area development of existing and new
areas in the seven cities.
The Housing Board also acts as a master developer creating
satellite townships and housing colonies all across the state. A
majority (60-70%) of the assets created by the Board are for the
deprived sections of the society.
The PHE department constructs new water supply and sanitation
facilities, which are then transferred to the ULBs for operation
and maintenance. With the implementation of the 74th Amendment
Act, ULBs are now expected to play a crucial role in the
preparation and implementation of development plans and social
justice programmes. These would be over and above their
traditional functions like maintenance and administration of the
roads and utility infrastructure, development of land, social
& recreational public facilities, collection of taxes and
revenues, etc.
Slum Improvement Programmes are being executed, under the aegis of
the Urban Welfare Department, by the State’s Slum Clearance
Board as well the individual ULBs through various central schemes
like Swarna Jayanti Shahri Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY), Environmental
Improvement of urban Slums (EIUS), National Slum Development
Programme, etc.
URBAN
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
The
main responsibility of the Directorate of Town and Country
Planning is to prepare Master Plans and Ddevelopment
Plans under the
provisions of Madhya Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1973.
The progress achieved so far are is as under.
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1.
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Planning
Area notified under Article 13
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136
towns
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2.
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Publication
of land utilisation map under article 15
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80
towns
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3.
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Publication
of master plans under Article 18
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31
towns
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4.
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Reassessment
of the Master Plans published under Article 23 (1)
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4
towns ( Bhopal, Khajuraho, Gwalior, Jabalpur )
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5.
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Revision
of the Indore Development plan by remote sensing and G.I.S.
techniques (in progress)
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Although
the number of towns (31) for which the development Plans have been
published appears small in comparison with the total number of
towns (334) of the state, these have been prepared and published
for 14 out of 18 first class towns of the state. Out of the 45
district headquarter towns of the state development plans have
been published for 19 towns.
The
major urban development projects implemented or initiated by the
Government of Madhya Pradesh are briefly discussed in the
following section.
State
Capital Project
This
has probably been the longest running project in Madhya Pradesh,
initiated in 1960 for various development schemes in the city of
Bhopal. The type of projects being covered are construction of
roads & bridges, Vidhan Sabha, construction / alteration of
buildings for various government departments, recreational
facilities, public conveniences, environmental management of the
upper and lower lakes, re-densification of colonies, etc.
MP
UDP
The MP Urban Development Project was implemented in ten cities of
undivided MP between 1983 and 1991. The project, funded through
State Government contribution of about 27% and balance through
loans from HUDCO and the World Bank, covered the cities of Indore,
Ujjain, Dewas, Raipur, Durg, Bhilai, Ratlam, Khandwa, Shahdol and
Sagar
(The
Ninth Plan, GoMP).
Gwalior Counter Magnet Project
This
project has been ongoing since its initiation in the Eighth plan
period, focussed towards an improvement of the infrastructure of
Gwalior city and its development as a major urban centre in the
northern region of the state.
Urban Water Supply Schemes
The state had initiated 100 urban water supply schemes in the
Eighth Plan. Some of these are being completed in the Ninth Plan,
the priority being towards towns with population upto one lakh.
The PHE Department is currently executing 77 urban water supply
schemes in the state. In addition for towns below population of
twenty thousand, a special scheme known as Accelerated Urban Water
Supply Programme (AUWSP) is being executed with fifty percent
assistance from the Central Government. Madhya Pradesh is
developing its first private water supply project at Dewas for
providing water to domestic and industrial consumers.
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