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After
the encouraging success of the district governments, Madhya
Pradesh has decided to take the process of decentralisation to
its logical culmination and create village level governments in
all villages of the state. This initiative is a step towards the
realisation of Gandhi’s dream of self-sufficient village
republics and will significantly add to the changes that have
already been brought about by the Panchayati Raj institutions.
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Instead
of the top to bottom distribution of powers, the proposed
governance structure will be based on the concept that Gram
sarkars will have all the responsibilities and powers that they
can assume or administer. The residual responsiblities (or
powers) will be passed on to the Zilla Sarkars, which will again
transfer responsibilities out of their reach to the state
government.
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The
objective is to ensure the rights of the village people over
their land, water and forest resources. The gram sarkar will
have the responsibility of planning and execution of projects,
monitor liquour consumption, export and import products and
maintain revenue records.
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The
role of the gram sabha in the village will be akin to that of
the legislative assembly in the state. The Gram panchayat will
form the executive body. Thus while routine works will be
administered by the Gram panchayat, only the sabha will have the
right to decide on major issues.
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The
gram sarkars will not only have the right to collect revenue
from village resources but will also make their own budgets,
which will be passed by the Gram sabhas. The district and the
state governments will meet the budget deficits.
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The
gram sarkars will control, manage and monitor all village level
institutions, functions and resources. Land transfers and
registrations within the village will be done in the village
itself. All village level disputes will also be resolved within
the village.
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The
district governments will specially emphasise on the
establishment of Gram koshs and cottage industries so that the
village may be self-sufficient even in times of scarcity.
However, the state realises that in these days of globalisation,
these ideas will have to be grounded in practice. The village
governments will promote sustainable and justified sharing of
resources among neighbouring villages and incorporation of
modern technological inputs, where justified.
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